Plants, Herbs, Leaves and Grasses
Bamboo Grass
Bamboo is a fast-growing evergreen grass belonging to the family Poaceae, with more than 1,500 species found throughout Asia, Australia, Africa and the Americas. Renowned for its strength, sustainability and rapid growth, bamboo has been used for thousands of years in construction, furniture, textiles and traditional crafts, while also symbolising resilience, harmony and good fortune in many cultures.
In fragrance, Bamboo is valued for its clean, fresh and green aroma with soft grassy, watery and subtly woody notes. Although natural bamboo has only a delicate scent, its fragrance is carefully recreated by perfumers to evoke the freshness of lush bamboo forests. Bamboo blends beautifully with green tea, lemongrass, jasmine, citrus, white musk and light woods, making it a popular ingredient in modern perfumes and scented candles inspired by nature.
Basil
Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a fragrant herb belonging to the mint family (Lamiaceae) and is native to tropical regions of Asia and Africa. Cultivated for thousands of years, basil is one of the world's most popular culinary herbs and is prized for its aromatic leaves, which are widely used in Mediterranean, Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine. Numerous varieties exist, each with its own distinctive fragrance and flavour.
In fragrance, Basil is valued for its fresh, green and slightly spicy aroma with notes of anise, clove and pepper. It adds brightness and herbal complexity to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with citrus, lavender, rosemary, mint, bergamot and woody notes such as cedarwood and sandalwood. Basil is especially popular in fresh, botanical and Mediterranean-inspired fragrance compositions.
Blue Sage
Blue Sage (Salvia farinacea) is a flowering perennial in the mint family (Lamiaceae), native to Texas and northern Mexico. It is admired for its tall spikes of vivid blue to violet flowers and silvery-green foliage, making it a popular ornamental plant in gardens around the world. Blue Sage is valued for its long flowering season and ability to attract bees, butterflies and other pollinators.
In fragrance, Blue Sage is appreciated for its fresh herbal aroma with soft earthy, green and slightly camphorous notes. It brings a clean, calming character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with eucalyptus, lavender, cedarwood, bergamot, citrus and white musk. Blue Sage is especially popular in botanical and nature-inspired fragrances that evoke freshness, tranquillity and the Australian outdoors.
Citronella
Citronella is a tall, aromatic grass belonging to the genus Cymbopogon, native to tropical regions of Asia. Closely related to lemongrass, it forms dense clumps of long, arching green leaves and is widely cultivated for the fragrant essential oil extracted from its foliage. Citronella has been valued for centuries in traditional medicine, perfumery and natural insect repellents.
In fragrance, Citronella is prized for its fresh, bright citrus aroma with crisp lemony, green and subtly herbaceous notes. It brings a clean, energising character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with lemongrass, eucalyptus, basil, lavender, peppermint and cedarwood. While best known for its use in outdoor candles, Citronella is also appreciated in botanical fragrance compositions for its vibrant, refreshing scent.
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus is a genus of more than 700 species of flowering trees and shrubs, with the vast majority native to Australia. Commonly known as gum trees, Eucalypts dominate much of the Australian landscape and provide an important habitat for native wildlife, including koalas, which feed almost exclusively on selected eucalyptus leaves.
In fragrance, Eucalyptus is prized for its fresh, clean aroma with crisp camphorous, woody and slightly minty notes. The essential oil is distilled from the leaves and is widely used in perfumes, scented candles, aromatherapy and personal care products. Eucalyptus blends beautifully with blue sage, lavender, peppermint, lemon, cedarwood and sandalwood, creating invigorating botanical and Australian-inspired fragrance compositions.
Fir Needle
Fir Needle comes from evergreen fir trees (Abies species), which grow throughout the cool forests of Europe, Asia and North America. Recognised for their tall, symmetrical form and soft, flat needles, fir trees remain green all year and have long been associated with mountain landscapes, winter forests and fresh alpine air.
In fragrance, Fir Needle is prized for its crisp, resinous aroma with fresh pine, woody and subtly citrusy notes. The essential oil is steam-distilled from the needles and twigs, bringing a clean, invigorating character to perfumes and scented candles. Fir Needle blends beautifully with cedarwood, eucalyptus, blue cypress, juniper berry, sandalwood and citrus, making it a popular ingredient in forest-inspired and outdoor fragrance compositions.
Green Tea
Green Tea comes from the leaves of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis), an evergreen shrub native to East Asia that has been cultivated for thousands of years. Unlike black tea, green tea leaves are gently steamed or pan-fired soon after harvesting to preserve their natural colour, fresh aroma and delicate flavour. Today, Green Tea is one of the world's most widely enjoyed beverages and is valued for its refreshing character.
In fragrance, Green Tea is admired for its clean, uplifting aroma with fresh leafy, citrusy and subtly herbal notes. It brings a light, crisp elegance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with bamboo, jasmine, bergamot, citrus, white musk and soft woods. Green Tea is a popular ingredient in modern botanical fragrances, evoking freshness, tranquillity and the calming atmosphere of a peaceful garden.
Hay
Hay is dried grass or other herbaceous plants that are harvested and cured for use as animal feed. Produced from grasses such as timothy, meadow fescue and ryegrass, hay has a distinctive warm, sun-dried aroma that evokes open fields, rolling farmland and the height of summer. Its familiar scent has also become a popular inspiration in perfumery.
In fragrance, Hay is valued for its dry, grassy aroma with warm herbal, earthy and subtly sweet coumarin notes reminiscent of freshly cut fields. It adds a natural countryside character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with lavender, chamomile, tobacco, cedarwood, vetiver and tonka bean. Hay is especially popular in rustic, botanical and nature-inspired fragrance compositions.
Lemon Myrtle
Lemon Myrtle (Backhousia citriodora) is a flowering rainforest tree native to the subtropical regions of Queensland, Australia. Renowned for its intensely fragrant leaves, it has been used for thousands of years by Indigenous Australians for its aromatic, culinary and traditional medicinal properties. Today, Lemon Myrtle is widely cultivated and is regarded as one of Australia's signature native botanicals.
In fragrance, Lemon Myrtle is prized for its exceptionally bright citrus aroma with fresh lemon, green and slightly herbal notes. Rich in the natural compound citral, it has a more intense lemon scent than lemons themselves. Lemon Myrtle adds a clean, uplifting character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with eucalyptus, lemongrass, citronella, lavender and cedarwood, making it a cornerstone of many Australian-inspired fragrance compositions.
Lemongrass
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a tropical grass native to South and Southeast Asia and is widely cultivated throughout the world for its fragrant leaves. Closely related to citronella, it forms dense clumps of long, arching green foliage and has been used for centuries in cooking, herbal teas, traditional medicine and essential oil production.
In fragrance, Lemongrass is prized for its bright citrus aroma with fresh lemon, green and lightly herbal notes. Its invigorating scent brings freshness and energy to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with lemon myrtle, citronella, eucalyptus, ginger, basil and cedarwood. Lemongrass is especially popular in botanical and Australian-inspired fragrance compositions, where it creates a clean, vibrant and uplifting character.
Mint
Mint (Mentha) is a genus of aromatic herbs belonging to the mint family (Lamiaceae), with around 25 recognised species native to Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. Valued for thousands of years, mint is widely cultivated for its fragrant leaves and is used in cooking, herbal teas, traditional medicine and essential oils. Popular varieties include peppermint and spearmint, each with its own distinctive aroma.
In fragrance, Mint is prized for its fresh, cool aroma with crisp green, herbaceous and subtly sweet notes. It adds a clean, invigorating character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with eucalyptus, basil, lemongrass, citrus, lavender and cedarwood. Mint is especially popular in botanical and fresh fragrance compositions, where it evokes energy, clarity and the refreshing scent of nature.
Olive Leaf
Olive Leaf comes from the olive tree (Olea europaea), an evergreen species native to the Mediterranean region that has been cultivated for more than 6,000 years. While the tree is best known for producing olives and olive oil, its silvery-green leaves have long been valued in traditional medicine and are recognised as a symbol of peace, wisdom and longevity.
In fragrance, Olive Leaf is admired for its fresh green aroma with soft herbal, woody and subtly earthy notes. It brings a clean, natural character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with fig leaf, basil, rosemary, citrus, cedarwood and white musk. Olive Leaf is especially popular in Mediterranean-inspired fragrances, evoking sunlit olive groves and the freshness of the countryside.
Patchouli
Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) is a tropical herb in the mint family (Lamiaceae), native to Southeast Asia. Cultivated for its highly aromatic leaves, Patchouli has been used for centuries in traditional medicine, incense and perfumery. The essential oil is produced by drying and steam-distilling the leaves, developing the rich, distinctive scent for which it is renowned.
In fragrance, Patchouli is celebrated for its deep, earthy aroma with woody, musky and subtly sweet notes. It adds warmth, richness and exceptional longevity to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with sandalwood, cedarwood, vanilla, rose, jasmine and citrus. Patchouli is one of the most important base notes in modern perfumery and remains a cornerstone of woody, oriental and botanical fragrance compositions.
Peppermint
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a natural hybrid of watermint and spearmint, cultivated worldwide for its intensely aromatic leaves. Native to Europe and the Middle East, Peppermint has been valued for centuries in herbal medicine, confectionery and essential oil production. Its cooling properties come from menthol, the natural compound responsible for its distinctive fresh scent.
In fragrance, Peppermint is prized for its crisp, cooling aroma with fresh minty, green and subtly sweet notes. It brings energy and clarity to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with eucalyptus, spearmint, rosemary, lavender, citrus and cedarwood. Peppermint is especially popular in fresh, botanical and spa-inspired fragrance compositions, creating a clean and invigorating atmosphere.
Pine Needle
Pine Needle comes from evergreen pine trees (Pinus species), a genus of more than 120 species found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Recognised for their tall trunks, distinctive cones and long needle-like leaves, pine trees have long symbolised strength, resilience and the beauty of mountain forests. Their aromatic needles have been used for centuries in traditional remedies, essential oils and natural fragrances.
In fragrance, Pine Needle is prized for its fresh, resinous aroma with crisp green, woody and subtly balsamic notes. The essential oil is steam-distilled from the needles, bringing a clean, invigorating character to perfumes and scented candles. Pine Needle blends beautifully with fir needle, cedarwood, eucalyptus, juniper berry, sandalwood and citrus, creating refreshing forest-inspired fragrance compositions.
Rosemary
Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus, formerly Rosmarinus officinalis) is an evergreen herb native to the Mediterranean region and a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae). Revered since ancient times, Rosemary has been cultivated for thousands of years for its aromatic leaves, culinary uses and traditional medicinal properties. It has long symbolised remembrance, fidelity and good fortune.
In fragrance, Rosemary is prized for its fresh herbal aroma with crisp woody, camphorous and slightly minty notes. Its invigorating scent brings clarity and freshness to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with lavender, eucalyptus, basil, lemon, cedarwood and pine needle. Rosemary is especially popular in botanical, Mediterranean and nature-inspired fragrance compositions.
Sage
Sage (Salvia officinalis) is an aromatic evergreen shrub native to the Mediterranean region and a member of the mint family (Lamiaceae). Cultivated for thousands of years, Sage has been valued for its culinary uses, traditional herbal medicine and fragrant essential oil. Its soft, silvery-green leaves and earthy aroma have made it one of the world's most recognisable herbs.
In fragrance, Sage is prized for its fresh herbal aroma with earthy, camphorous and subtly peppery notes. It brings a clean, grounding character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with eucalyptus, rosemary, lavender, cedarwood, bergamot and citrus. Sage is especially popular in botanical and nature-inspired fragrance compositions, evoking the freshness of wild herbs and open landscapes.
Spearmint
Spearmint (Mentha spicata) is a perennial herb belonging to the mint family (Lamiaceae), native to Europe and Asia but now cultivated worldwide. Known for its bright green leaves and refreshing aroma, Spearmint has been used for centuries in cooking, herbal teas, confectionery and traditional medicine. Compared with peppermint, it has a sweeter, gentler fragrance due to its lower menthol content.
In fragrance, Spearmint is prized for its fresh, sweet aroma with cool green, herbal and lightly minty notes. It brings a clean, uplifting character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with peppermint, eucalyptus, basil, citrus, rosemary and cedarwood. Spearmint is especially popular in botanical and spa-inspired fragrance compositions, creating a refreshing and revitalising atmosphere.
Tea Tree
Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) is a small evergreen tree native to the coastal regions of New South Wales and Queensland, Australia. Closely related to paperbarks and bottlebrushes, it has been used for thousands of years by Indigenous Australians, who valued its aromatic leaves for their traditional medicinal properties. Today, Tea Tree is cultivated around the world for the essential oil distilled from its leaves.
In fragrance, Tea Tree is prized for its fresh, clean aroma with crisp herbal, camphorous and slightly medicinal notes. Its invigorating scent adds a natural, purifying character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with eucalyptus, lemon myrtle, peppermint, lavender and cedarwood. Tea Tree is especially popular in Australian-inspired and botanical fragrance compositions, where it evokes the freshness of the native bush.
Tobacco Leaf
Tobacco Leaf comes from the tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum), a flowering plant native to the Americas that has been cultivated for centuries. While the plant is best known for its commercial use in tobacco products, its cured leaves have also become one of the most distinctive and highly regarded ingredients in fine perfumery. The fragrance note captures the rich aroma of dried tobacco leaves rather than the scent of burning tobacco.
In fragrance, Tobacco Leaf is prized for its warm, aromatic character with sweet honeyed, earthy and subtly smoky notes. It adds richness, depth and sophistication to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with vanilla, tonka bean, sandalwood, cedarwood, patchouli and spices such as cinnamon and clove. Tobacco Leaf is a popular ingredient in woody, oriental and gourmand fragrance compositions, valued for its comforting and luxurious aroma.
Vetiver
Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is a perennial grass native to India and widely cultivated throughout tropical regions of the world. Unlike most fragrant grasses, the prized essential oil is extracted from its deep, dense root system rather than its leaves. Vetiver's extensive roots also make it valuable for preventing soil erosion and stabilising riverbanks and hillsides.
In fragrance, Vetiver is celebrated for its rich earthy aroma with woody, smoky and subtly green notes. It is one of the most important base notes in perfumery, adding depth, warmth and exceptional longevity to perfumes and scented candles. Vetiver blends beautifully with cedarwood, sandalwood, patchouli, citrus, lavender and spices, making it a cornerstone of woody, fresh and oriental fragrance compositions.