Flowers
Australian Wattle
Australian Wattle is one of Australia's most iconic native plants, with more than 1,000 species found across the country. The Golden Wattle (Acacia pycnantha) is Australia's national floral emblem and has been celebrated on Wattle Day every 1 September since its official recognition in 1988.
In fragrance, Australian Wattle is prized for its soft floral aroma with delicate honey, powdery and green notes. It blends beautifully with jasmine, sandalwood, vanilla and citrus, making it a popular ingredient in Australian-inspired candles and perfumes.
Australian Boronia
Australian Boronia is one of Australia's most prized native flowering plants, with more than 160 species growing naturally across the country. Its delicate four-petalled flowers and aromatic foliage have made it a favourite in both Australian gardens and the fine fragrance industry.
Boronia is renowned for its rich floral fragrance, often described as sweet, fruity and slightly spicy. It adds warmth and depth to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, violet, sandalwood and citrus notes. Interestingly, around 10% of people are unable to detect Boronia's scent at all—a phenomenon known as Boronia anosmia—while for everyone else its aroma is considered one of Australia's most distinctive and captivating native fragrances.
Camellia
Camellia is a genus of more than 220 flowering species native to eastern and southern Asia. Best known for its elegant blooms and glossy evergreen leaves, Camellia has been cultivated for centuries as both an ornamental garden plant and an important commercial crop.
In fragrance, Camellia is admired for its delicate floral scent with soft green, fresh and subtly sweet notes. It is often used to create light, elegant perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, rose, peony and citrus. One species, Camellia sinensis, is especially significant as the plant whose leaves are harvested to produce green, black, white and oolong teas enjoyed around the world.
Carnation
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) is a flowering plant native to the Mediterranean region and has been cultivated for more than 2,000 years. Admired for its ruffled petals and wide range of colours, it has become one of the world's most popular ornamental flowers and a long-standing favourite in the perfume industry.
In fragrance, Carnation is valued for its rich floral aroma with warm, spicy notes reminiscent of clove, cinnamon and nutmeg. This distinctive scent adds depth and elegance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with rose, jasmine, violet, ylang-ylang and sandalwood. Beyond its fragrance, Carnation has long symbolised love, admiration and affection in many cultures around the world.
Chamomile
Chamomile is a daisy-like flowering plant that has been valued for centuries for its gentle fragrance and calming properties. The two best-known varieties, German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile), are widely cultivated and used in herbal teas, cosmetics and fine fragrances.
In perfumery, Chamomile is prized for its soft herbal aroma with sweet apple-like, floral and lightly earthy notes. It brings a fresh, soothing character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with lavender, jasmine, bergamot, vanilla and sandalwood. Although Chamomile has a long history in traditional herbal remedies, there is no conclusive clinical evidence that consuming it effectively treats disease.
Cherry Blossom
Cherry Blossom, known as Sakura in Japan, is the delicate flower of ornamental cherry trees and one of the world's most celebrated spring blooms. Native to East Asia, particularly Japan, cherry blossoms have been cultivated for centuries and are admired for their fleeting beauty and cultural significance.
In fragrance, Cherry Blossom is prized for its light floral aroma with soft powdery, vanilla-like and subtly sweet notes. It brings a fresh, elegant character to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, peony, rose, white musk and citrus. Its gentle scent is often associated with renewal, tranquillity and the arrival of spring.
Elderflower
Elderflower is the delicate cream-coloured blossom of the Elder tree (Sambucus), a flowering plant native to Europe, Asia and North America. Blooming in late spring and early summer, its large clusters of tiny flowers have long been valued in traditional cuisine, beverages and natural perfumery.
In fragrance, Elderflower is admired for its light, sweet floral aroma with fresh green, honeyed and subtly fruity notes. It creates a soft, elegant character in perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with citrus, pear, jasmine, rose and white musk. Its fresh, uplifting scent has made Elderflower a popular ingredient in both modern and classic fragrance compositions.
Frangipani
Frangipani (Plumeria) is a tropical flowering tree native to Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. Celebrated for its striking five-petalled blooms in shades of white, yellow, pink, red and orange, Frangipani has become one of the world's most recognisable ornamental flowers and is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions.
In fragrance, Frangipani is treasured for its rich floral aroma with creamy jasmine, gardenia, citrus and soft vanilla notes. Its exotic, uplifting scent brings warmth and elegance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with coconut, ylang-ylang, tuberose, sandalwood and tropical fruits. Despite its intensely fragrant flowers, Frangipani produces no nectar, instead attracting pollinators through its irresistible perfume alone.
Freesia
Freesia is a flowering plant native to southern Africa and is admired for its elegant funnel-shaped blooms and vibrant colours. Although more than a dozen wild species exist, the fragrant Freesias commonly found in gardens and floral arrangements today are cultivated hybrids, prized for their beauty and exceptional scent.
In fragrance, Freesia is celebrated for its fresh floral aroma with delicate citrus, green and lightly fruity notes. Its bright, uplifting scent adds a clean elegance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, rose, lily of the valley, peony and white musk. Freesia is widely regarded as one of the world's most recognisable and popular floral fragrance notes.
Gardenia
Gardenia is a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, the Pacific Islands and Australia. Best known for its glossy evergreen leaves and elegant white or cream-coloured blooms, Gardenia has long been prized as one of the world's most beautiful and fragrant ornamental plants.
In fragrance, Gardenia is celebrated for its rich, creamy floral aroma with sweet jasmine-like, green and velvety notes. Its luxurious scent adds depth and sophistication to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, tuberose, ylang-ylang, citrus and sandalwood. Gardenia flowers are naturally most fragrant during the evening, a characteristic that helps attract night-pollinating moths in the wild.
Geranium
Geranium is a genus of more than 400 flowering species found throughout temperate regions of the world, particularly around the Mediterranean. Loved for their colourful blooms and distinctive foliage, Geraniums have been cultivated in gardens for centuries and remain one of the most popular ornamental flowering plants.
In fragrance, Geranium is admired for its fresh floral aroma with green, rosy and subtly minty notes. Its crisp, uplifting scent brings brightness and balance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with rose, lavender, citrus, patchouli and cedarwood. Geranium is widely used in modern perfumery as a fresh, aromatic alternative to traditional rose notes.
Heliotrope
Heliotrope is a flowering plant native to South America, particularly Peru and Bolivia, and is recognised for its clusters of delicate purple flowers. The name Heliotrope comes from the Greek words meaning "to turn towards the sun", reflecting the plant's tendency to follow sunlight throughout the day. Although admired for its beauty, Heliotrope is toxic if ingested and should be kept away from pets such as cats and dogs.
In fragrance, Heliotrope is prized for its soft, powdery aroma with distinctive notes of almond, vanilla, cherry and marzipan. It adds warmth, sweetness and a comforting elegance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with violet, iris, tonka bean, vanilla and white musk. Heliotrope has been a favourite of perfumers for generations, where it is often used to create smooth, creamy and nostalgic floral compositions.
Honeysuckle
Honeysuckle is a genus of more than 150 flowering shrubs and climbing vines found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Loved for its elegant tubular flowers and intoxicating fragrance, Honeysuckle has been cultivated in gardens for centuries and is especially attractive to pollinators such as bees, butterflies and hummingbirds. Its name comes from the sweet nectar contained within its blossoms.
In fragrance, Honeysuckle is cherished for its rich floral aroma with sweet honeyed, jasmine-like and fresh green notes. It creates a soft, romantic character in perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, gardenia, orange blossom, rose and white musk. While the flowers are prized for their fragrance, many Honeysuckle species produce berries that are poisonous to humans and pets if eaten.
Hyacinth
Hyacinth is a spring-flowering bulb native to the eastern Mediterranean and Middle East, admired for its dense clusters of vibrant, star-shaped flowers. Cultivated for centuries, Hyacinths are among the most recognisable spring blooms and are celebrated for both their striking appearance and exceptionally powerful fragrance.
In fragrance, Hyacinth is prized for its fresh floral aroma with green, dewy and subtly spicy notes. Richer and more complex than many spring flowers, it adds a crisp, natural elegance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, lily of the valley, rose, violet and white musk. Its distinctive scent is often associated with the freshness and renewal of spring.
Iris
Iris is a flowering plant with more than 300 species found across Europe, Asia and North America. Named after the Greek goddess of the rainbow, Iris is admired for its elegant, intricate blooms and remarkable range of colours. In perfumery, it is not the flower but the dried rhizome, known as orris root, that provides its highly prized fragrance.
In fragrance, Iris is celebrated for its soft, powdery aroma with delicate floral, violet-like and earthy notes. Orris root is one of the most valuable ingredients in fine perfumery, adding a smooth, velvety elegance to perfumes and scented candles. It blends beautifully with violet, rose, jasmine, vanilla, sandalwood and white musk, creating sophisticated and long-lasting fragrance compositions.
Jasmine
Jasmine is a genus of more than 200 flowering species native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa and Oceania. Revered for centuries, its delicate white and yellow blossoms are among the most recognisable and celebrated flowers in the world, symbolising beauty, love and purity across many cultures.
In fragrance, Jasmine is prized for its rich floral aroma with sweet, creamy, green and subtly fruity notes. It is one of the most important ingredients in fine perfumery, bringing depth, elegance and sensuality to perfumes and scented candles. Jasmine blends beautifully with rose, orange blossom, gardenia, ylang-ylang, sandalwood and vanilla, forming the heart of countless classic and modern fragrance compositions.
Lavender
Lavender is a flowering plant native to the Mediterranean region and has been cultivated for thousands of years for its beauty, fragrance and versatility. Its distinctive purple flower spikes and silvery-green foliage have made Lavender one of the world's most recognisable and widely grown aromatic plants.
In fragrance, Lavender is celebrated for its fresh floral aroma with herbaceous, slightly woody and subtly sweet notes. Renowned for its calming and relaxing character, it is one of the most widely used ingredients in perfumes, scented candles and aromatherapy. Lavender blends beautifully with bergamot, jasmine, rose, vanilla, cedarwood and sandalwood, creating both fresh and sophisticated fragrance compositions.
Lilac
Lilac is a flowering shrub native to southeastern Europe and is cherished for its abundant clusters of delicate blooms that herald the arrival of spring. With flowers ranging from soft lavender and lilac to white, pink and deep purple, Lilac has been cultivated for centuries as one of the world's most beloved ornamental plants.
In fragrance, Lilac is admired for its fresh floral aroma with soft green, powdery and lightly honeyed notes. Although natural lilac essential oil cannot be extracted commercially, its distinctive scent is carefully recreated by perfumers and is widely used in perfumes and scented candles. Lilac blends beautifully with rose, jasmine, peony, lily of the valley and white musk, creating elegant and romantic floral compositions.
Lily
Lily is a genus of flowering plants native to Europe, Asia and North America, admired for its large trumpet-shaped blooms and graceful elegance. With more than 100 recognised species, Lilies have been cultivated for centuries and are widely associated with purity, renewal and beauty in gardens, art and cultural traditions around the world.
In fragrance, Lily is prized for its rich floral aroma with fresh green, sweet and subtly spicy notes. Its elegant scent adds depth and sophistication to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, rose, freesia, lily of the valley and white musk. Lily is especially valued for bringing a clean, luminous floral character to both classic and modern fragrance compositions.
Lily of the Valley
Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis) is a woodland flowering plant native to Europe and parts of Asia, admired for its delicate bell-shaped white flowers and sweet, unmistakable fragrance. Blooming in spring, it has long symbolised purity, happiness and the return of warmer seasons, making it one of the world's most cherished ornamental flowers.
In fragrance, Lily of the Valley is celebrated for its fresh floral aroma with green, dewy and softly powdery notes. Although the flower cannot produce a natural essential oil, its distinctive scent is expertly recreated by perfumers and is widely used in perfumes and scented candles. It blends beautifully with jasmine, rose, freesia, peony and white musk, adding a crisp, elegant freshness to floral fragrance compositions.
Magnolia
Magnolia is one of the oldest flowering plant genera on Earth, with a history dating back more than 95 million years. Native to Asia and the Americas, Magnolias are admired for their large, elegant blooms and glossy green foliage, making them one of the world's most treasured ornamental trees and shrubs.
In fragrance, Magnolia is prized for its rich floral aroma with creamy, citrusy and lightly fruity notes. Its sophisticated scent brings freshness and elegance to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, gardenia, ylang-ylang, bergamot and sandalwood. Magnolia is often chosen to create refined floral fragrances with a soft, luminous character.
Narcissus
Narcissus is a genus of spring-flowering bulbs native to Europe, North Africa and parts of Asia. Best known for daffodils, its elegant trumpet-shaped flowers have been cultivated for centuries and are widely recognised as symbols of renewal, hope and the arrival of spring.
In fragrance, Narcissus is treasured for its rich floral aroma with green, honeyed and subtly spicy notes. More intense and complex than many spring flowers, it adds warmth, depth and sophistication to perfumes and scented candles. Narcissus blends beautifully with jasmine, orange blossom, violet, iris, sandalwood and white musk, creating elegant floral and oriental fragrance compositions.
Orange Blossom
Orange Blossom is the fragrant white flower of the bitter orange tree (Citrus × aurantium), native to Southeast Asia but now cultivated throughout the Mediterranean and other warm regions of the world. Celebrated for its delicate beauty and intoxicating aroma, Orange Blossom has been treasured in perfumery for centuries and traditionally symbolises purity, love and new beginnings.
In fragrance, Orange Blossom is prized for its luminous floral scent with fresh citrus, sweet honeyed and softly green notes. It adds brightness, elegance and warmth to perfumes and scented candles, blending beautifully with jasmine, neroli, bergamot, rose, vanilla and white musk. Orange Blossom remains one of the most iconic and versatile floral notes in modern perfumery.